The Truth About Creatine and Kidney Health: Separating Fact from Fiction
Introduction:
Creatine, a popular supplement among athletes and fitness enthusiasts, has long been a topic of debate when it comes to its potential effects on kidney health. Concerns have arisen regarding its impact on renal function, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions or those taking medications that can be harmful to the kidneys. In this blog post, we will delve into the research surrounding creatine and kidney health to provide you with a clear understanding of the subject.
Understanding Creatine:
First and foremost, let's establish what creatine is and why it's commonly used. Creatine is a naturally occurring compound that plays a crucial role in providing energy to cells, particularly during intense physical activity. It is found in small amounts in foods like meat and fish, but many individuals opt for creatine supplements to enhance their athletic performance and promote muscle growth.
Creatine and Healthy Kidneys:
Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the potential impact of creatine supplementation on kidney health in healthy individuals. The consensus among these studies is that creatine does not appear to be harmful to the kidneys of individuals with normal kidney function. In fact, research has shown that short-term creatine supplementation does not significantly affect renal function markers such as serum creatinine or glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Risk Factors and Precautions:
While creatine is generally considered safe for healthy individuals, it is important to exercise caution if you fall into one of the following categories:
1. Pre-existing Kidney Disease: Individuals with a history of kidney disease should consult their healthcare provider before considering creatine supplementation. Existing renal conditions may alter the body's response to creatine and could potentially exacerbate kidney problems.
2. Nephrotoxic Medications: Certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and some antibiotics, can have a negative impact on kidney function. If you are taking these medications, it is crucial to consult with your doctor before starting creatine supplementation.
A Case Report:
While isolated cases are not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions, it is worth mentioning that one case report documented acute renal failure in a young man who was taking an extremely high dosage of creatine (20 grams per day). This case highlights the importance of adhering to recommended dosages and seeking professional guidance when considering any dietary supplement.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the current body of research suggests that creatine supplementation is generally safe for healthy individuals with normal kidney function. However, individuals with pre-existing kidney disease or those taking nephrotoxic medications should exercise caution and consult their healthcare provider before considering creatine supplementation. Remember, your healthcare provider is the best resource to provide you with personalized guidance and address any concerns you may have regarding creatine and your kidney health.
Based on science:
Farquhar WB, Zambraski EJ. Effects of creatine use on the athlete's kidney. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2002 Apr;1(2):103-6. doi: 10.1249/00149619-200204000-00007. PMID: 12831718.
Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, Novaes RB, Artioli GG, Shimizu MH, Seguro AC, Harris RC, Lancha AH Jr. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008 May;103(1):33-40. doi: 10.1007/s00421-007-0669-3. Epub 2008 Jan 11. PMID: 18188581.
Davani-Davari D, Karimzadeh I, Ezzatzadegan-Jahromi S, Sagheb MM. Potential Adverse Effects of Creatine Supplement on the Kidney in Athletes and Bodybuilders. Iran J Kidney Dis. 2018 Oct;12(5):253-260. PMID: 30367015.
Longobardi I, Gualano B, Seguro AC, Roschel H. Is It Time for a Requiem for Creatine Supplementation-Induced Kidney Failure? A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2023 Mar 18;15(6):1466. doi: 10.3390/nu15061466. PMID: 36986197; PMCID: PMC10054094.
Yoshizumi WM, Tsourounis C. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function. J Herb Pharmacother. 2004;4(1):1-7. PMID: 15273072.
